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Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke (born 22 January 1944 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch historian of science, who began his academic career as a marine geologist.〔''Who is Who in the World 2011'' - 28th edition.〕 He studied biology and geology at the university of Groningen and geology and the history of science at Princeton and Oxford. When in 1977 he was elected to a Wolfson College, Oxford research position in the history of science, Rupke made this subject his full-time occupation. A series of similar international research posts followed, until in 1993 he took up a professorship at Göttingen University to teach the history of science and medicine.〔"Die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften als Lebensgeschichten", ''Jahrbuch der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen'', 2005, pp. 313-322. Autobiographical sketch in the Yearbook of Göttingen Academy on the occasion of Rupke's election as a member of the academy.〕 In 2009, Rupke was awarded a Lower Saxony research chair.〔www.uni-goettingen.de/de/108191.html. Press-release of the Lower Saxony Ministry of education about the "Niedersachsenprofessur 65+" (Lower Saxony research chair) 2009; (Interview ) with Die Zeit〕 In 2012, he took up an endowed professorship at Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia, USA. Rupke is known for his studies of late-modern biology, geology and science & religion. With an interest in the biographical approach, he restored to their contemporary prominence several nineteenth-century scientists, most important among them Richard Owen who well before the appearance of ''The Origin of Species'' developed a naturalistic theory of evolution, albeit a non-Darwinian one.〔''Richard Owen: Biology without Darwin'' (revised ed. of ''Richard Owen: Victorian Naturalist'', New Haven and London: Yale, 1994) Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009.〕 Studies of Alexander von Humboldt came next,〔''Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography'' (corrected edition). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008.〕 in which Rupke developed what he terms the metabiographical approach by exploring how a famous life – in this case Humboldt's – may be multiply retold and reconstructed as part of different belief systems and memory cultures.〔("Lives after death" ). Steven Shapin's review in ''Nature'', May 18, 2006, of ''Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography'', discussing Rupke's metabiographical approach.〕 Rupke is a fellow of Germany's National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina〔(Membership listing of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina - Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften ).〕 and of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences. ==Selected books== * ''Distinctive Properties of Turbiditic and Hemipelagic Mud Layers'' (with Daniel J. Stanley). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1974. *''The Great Chain of History: William Buckland and the English School of Geology''. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983. *''Vivisection in Historical Perspective'' (ed.). London, Croom Helm, 1987; Routledge, 1988. *''Science, Politics and the Public Good'' (ed.). London: Macmillan, 1988. *''Medical Geography in Historical Perspective'' (ed.). London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine, 2000. *''Richard Owen: Biology without Darwin'' (revised ed. of ''Richard Owen: Victorian Naturalist'', New Haven and London: Yale, 1994) Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009. *''Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography'' (corrected edition). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008. *''Eminent Lives in Twentieth-Century Science and Religion'' (ed.) (revised and much expanded edition). Frankurt a.M.: Lang, 2009. *''Albrecht von Haller im Göttingen der Aufklärung'' (ed. with Norbert Elsner). Göttingen: Wallstein, 2009. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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